Difference between revisions of "TL Tool - Sound Transmission Loss Measurement"

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TL Tool - Sound Transmission Loss Measurement (view source)

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[[category:WikiOros]]
[[category:WikiOros]]
[[category:Software]]
[[category:Software]]
[[category:Acoustics]]
[[category:Acoustics]]
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=TL Tool - Mesure de la Perte par Transmission acoustique | OROS
|title=TL Tool - Sound Transmission Loss Measurement Software | OROS
|keywords=perte par transmission, TL, ASTM E2611, tube impedance, 4 microphones, matrice transfert, coefficient absorption, NVGate
|keywords=sound transmission loss, TL, ASTM E2611, impedance tube, 4 microphone, transfer matrix, absorption coefficient, NVGate
|description=Logiciel OROS de mesure de la Perte par Transmission acoustique (TL) et du coefficient d absorption (alpha) par la methode des 4 microphones en tube d impedance. Interface integree a NVGate. Application autonome livree cle en main.
|description=OROS standalone application for measuring Sound Transmission Loss and absorption coefficient using the 4-microphone impedance tube method (ASTM E2611). Plug-and-play .exe, integrated with NVGate.
}}
}}


__TOC__
__TOC__
[[File:TL_Tool_icon.png|right|180px|TL Tool - Sound Transmission Loss|link=]]
[[File:TL_Tool_icon.png|right|180px|TL Tool|link=]]


<div style="background:linear-gradient(120deg,#001F5B 0%,#0055A5 100%);color:white;padding:22px 28px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:18px;">
<span style="font-size:1.5em;font-weight:bold;">TL Tool &mdash; Sound Transmission Loss</span><br/><br/>
Standalone application for measuring the <b>Sound Transmission Loss (TL)</b> and <b>sound absorption coefficient (&alpha;)</b> of acoustic materials using a 4-microphone impedance tube.<br/><br/>
Fully integrated with <b>OROS NVGate</b> for live acquisition and automatic result display &mdash; delivered as a plug-and-play <b>.exe</b>, no installation required.
</div>


= TL Tool &mdash; Mesure de la Perte par Transmission acoustique =
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;"
 
! style="background:#0055A5;color:white;width:22%;" | Parameter
Le '''TL Tool''' est un logiciel OROS permettant de mesurer la '''Perte par Transmission acoustique (TL)''' et le '''coefficient d&rsquo;absorption (&alpha;)''' d&rsquo;un mat&eacute;riau en tube d&rsquo;imp&eacute;dance.
! style="background:#0055A5;color:white;" | Value
 
|-
Il s&rsquo;interface directement avec '''[[NVGate]]''' pour l&rsquo;acquisition en temps r&eacute;el et l&rsquo;affichage automatique des r&eacute;sultats dans les fen&ecirc;tres NVGate.
| '''Delivery''' || Standalone .exe &mdash; no Python, no installation
 
|-
Livraison&nbsp;: application autonome (.exe), aucune installation suppl&eacute;mentaire requise.
| '''Measurement methods''' || 4-mic transfer matrix (ASTM E2611) &bull; 2-mic standing wave (ISO 10534-2)
 
|-
== Normes appliqu&eacute;es ==
| '''Results''' || TL [dB], absorption &alpha;, ISO 11654 class (&alpha;_w, NRC, SAA)
 
{| class="wikitable" style="width:70%;"
! Norme !! M&eacute;thode !! Application
|-
|-
| '''ASTM E2611''' || Matrice de transfert &mdash; 4 microphones || Perte par transmission TL
| '''Octave resolution''' || 1/3 &bull; 1/6 &bull; 1/12 &bull; 1/24 octave
|-
|-
| '''ISO 10534-2''' / ASTM E1050 || Deux microphones || Coefficient d&rsquo;absorption &alpha;
| '''NVGate integration''' || Live acquisition &bull; automatic result injection
|-
|-
| '''ISO 9613-1''' || Formule vitesse du son || Propri&eacute;t&eacute;s de l&rsquo;air (c, &rho;)
| '''Export''' || CSV (frequency, TL, &alpha;)
|-
|-
| '''ISO 11654''' || Moyennage octave, classe &alpha;_w || Indice d&rsquo;absorption pond&eacute;r&eacute;
| '''Startup time''' || ~3 seconds
|}
|}


== Montage exp&eacute;rimental ==
== Standards ==
 
<div style="display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:14px 0;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;border:2px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;">
<div style="background:#0055A5;color:white;font-weight:bold;padding:4px 10px;border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:8px;">ASTM E2611</div>
Transfer matrix method &mdash; 4-microphone impedance tube.<br/>
<small>Recommended for Transmission Loss.</small>
</div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;border:2px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;">
<div style="background:#0055A5;color:white;font-weight:bold;padding:4px 10px;border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:8px;">ISO 10534-2 / ASTM E1050</div>
Two-microphone standing wave method.<br/>
<small>Absorption coefficient only.</small>
</div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;border:2px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;">
<div style="background:#0055A5;color:white;font-weight:bold;padding:4px 10px;border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:8px;">ISO 11654</div>
Weighted sound absorption coefficient &alpha;_w and absorption class (A&ndash;E).
</div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;border:2px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;">
<div style="background:#0055A5;color:white;font-weight:bold;padding:4px 10px;border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:8px;">ISO 9613-1</div>
Speed of sound and air density from temperature and pressure.
</div>
</div>


=== Sch&eacute;ma du tube ===
== Tube Setup ==


Le tube utilise 4 microphones encastr&eacute;s &agrave; des positions fixes le long de l&rsquo;axe&nbsp;:
=== Geometry ===


<pre>
<pre style="background:#1a1a2e;color:#e0e0e0;padding:16px;border-radius:8px;font-size:0.95em;">
   [HP]   x1   x2         x3    x4  [Echantillon]
   [SP]   x1     x2             x3     x4   [ Sample ]
   ||||---o-----o----------o-----o----[=============]
   ||||----o-------o---------------o-------o-----[=========]
   Source \-- cote source --/  \-- cote transmission --/
   Source   \____Source side_____/  \___Trans. side___/
</pre>
</pre>


* '''HP''' &mdash; Haut-parleur (source acoustique)
* '''SP''' &mdash; Sound source (loudspeaker)
* '''x1, x2''' &mdash; Microphones c&ocirc;t&eacute; source
* '''x1, x2''' &mdash; Upstream microphones (source side)
* '''x3, x4''' &mdash; Microphones c&ocirc;t&eacute; transmission
* '''x3, x4''' &mdash; Downstream microphones (transmission side)
* '''&Eacute;chantillon''' &mdash; Mat&eacute;riau &agrave; caract&eacute;riser (ins&eacute;r&eacute; entre x2 et x3)
* '''Sample''' &mdash; Material under test, placed between x2 and x3


=== Positions par d&eacute;faut ===
=== Default Parameters ===


{| class="wikitable" style="width:60%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="width:65%;"
! Param&egrave;tre !! Valeur par d&eacute;faut
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Parameter
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Default
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Notes
|-
|-
| x1 || 50 mm
| x1 || 50 mm || Configurable in Tube Setup tab
|-
|-
| x2 || 150 mm
| x2 || 150 mm ||
|-
|-
| x3 || 350 mm
| x3 || 350 mm ||
|-
|-
| x4 || 450 mm
| x4 || 450 mm ||
|-
|-
| Diam&egrave;tre du tube D || 100 mm
| Tube diameter D || 100 mm || Determines f_max
|-
|-
| Temp&eacute;rature || 20 &deg;C
| Temperature || 20 &deg;C || Affects speed of sound
|-
|-
| Pression || 1013,25 hPa
| Pressure || 1013.25 hPa || Affects air density
|}
|}


Toutes ces valeurs sont configurables dans l&rsquo;onglet '''Configuration du tube'''.
<div style="border-left:4px solid #17a2b8;background:#e8f7fa;padding:12px 16px;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;margin:10px 0;">
&#8505;&#65039; '''Valid frequency range''' is computed automatically from tube geometry and air properties.
Measurements outside [f_min, f_max] are masked and excluded from results.
</div>


=== Plage de fr&eacute;quences valide ===
== Software Interface ==


Le logiciel calcule et affiche automatiquement la plage [f_min, f_max] utilisable en fonction de la g&eacute;om&eacute;trie du tube et des conditions acoustiques. Les valeurs hors plage sont exclues des r&eacute;sultats.
The application is organized in five tabs:


== Interface graphique ==
{| style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;"
|-
| style="width:4px;background:#0055A5;" |
| style="padding:10px 16px;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-left:none;" |
'''&#x1F4CB; Material''' &mdash; Material name, notes, measurement mode (2-mic / 4-mic)
|-
| style="width:4px;background:#0055A5;" |
| style="padding:10px 16px;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-left:none;background:#f8fbff;" |
'''&#x1F4D0; Tube Setup''' &mdash; Microphone positions, diameter, temperature, pressure
|-
| style="width:4px;background:#0055A5;" |
| style="padding:10px 16px;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-left:none;" |
'''&#x1F3A4; Acquisition''' &mdash; NVGate channel config, FFT settings, run/stop, phase calibration
|-
| style="width:4px;background:#17a2b8;" |
| style="padding:10px 16px;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-left:none;background:#f8fbff;" |
'''&#x1F4C8; TL Result''' &mdash; Transmission Loss curves (fine band + octave bands)
|-
| style="width:4px;background:#17a2b8;" |
| style="padding:10px 16px;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-left:none;" |
'''&#x1F50A; Absorption''' &mdash; Absorption coefficient &alpha; + ISO 11654 rating
|}


L&rsquo;interface est organis&eacute;e en onglets&nbsp;:
=== Top Toolbar ===


{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
! Onglet !! Contenu
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Button
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Action
|-
|-
| '''Mat&eacute;riau''' || Nom du mat&eacute;riau, notes, s&eacute;lection du mode (2 mic / 4 mic)
| '''Calculate''' || Run TL / absorption computation from acquired data
|-
|-
| '''Configuration du tube''' || Positions des microphones, diam&egrave;tre, temp&eacute;rature, pression
| Fine band &#9744; || Show / hide fine-frequency-resolution plots
|-
|-
| '''Acquisition''' || Configuration des canaux NVGate, r&eacute;glages FFT, lancement mesure, calibration de phase
| 1/N octave selector || Select octave resolution: 1/3 &bull; 1/6 &bull; 1/12 &bull; 1/24
|-
|-
| '''R&eacute;sultat TL''' || Courbes de perte par transmission (bande fine + bandes d&rsquo;octave)
| '''Send to NVGate''' || Inject octave result into NVGate display window
|-
|-
| '''Absorption''' || Courbe du coefficient d&rsquo;absorption + indice ISO 11654 (&alpha;_w, NRC, SAA)
| '''Send fine band''' || Inject fine-band result into NVGate
|-
| '''Export CSV''' || Save results to CSV file
|}
|}


=== Commandes principales (barre sup&eacute;rieure) ===
== Measurement Modes ==


* '''Calculer''' &mdash; Lance le calcul TL/absorption &agrave; partir des donn&eacute;es acquises
=== 4-Microphone Mode (Recommended) &mdash; ASTM E2611 ===
* Case '''Bande fine''' &mdash; Affiche ou masque les courbes haute r&eacute;solution
* S&eacute;lecteur '''1/N octave''' &mdash; Choix de la r&eacute;solution (1/3, 1/6, 1/12, 1/24)
* '''Envoyer vers NVGate''' &mdash; Injecte le r&eacute;sultat en octave dans une fen&ecirc;tre NVGate
* '''Envoyer bande fine''' &mdash; Injecte le r&eacute;sultat haute r&eacute;solution dans NVGate
* '''Exporter CSV''' &mdash; Sauvegarde les r&eacute;sultats dans un fichier CSV


== Modes de mesure ==
<div style="display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:12px 0;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:220px;background:#f0f7ff;border:1px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:16px;">
<div style="color:#0055A5;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.05em;margin-bottom:8px;">&#10003; Two-Load Method</div>
<b>Recommended &mdash; ASTM E2611 &sect;8</b><br/><br/>
Two measurements with different tube terminations.<br/>
The software builds the full <b>transfer matrix [T]</b> of the sample and extracts TL from T&sub;12;.<br/><br/>
<small>&#9679; Load 1: anechoic termination<br/>&#9679; Load 2: rigid cap</small>
</div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:220px;background:#fff8f0;border:1px solid #cc8800;border-radius:8px;padding:16px;">
<div style="color:#cc8800;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.05em;margin-bottom:8px;">&#9888; Single-Load Method</div>
One measurement only, anechoic termination assumed.<br/><br/>
Less accurate &mdash; use only when Load 2 cannot be measured.
</div>
</div>


=== Mode 4 microphones (recommand&eacute;) &mdash; ASTM E2611 ===
=== 2-Microphone Mode &mdash; ISO 10534-2 ===


Utilise les 4 canaux (CH1 &agrave; CH4). Deux variantes disponibles&nbsp;:
Uses CH1 and CH2 only (source-side microphones):
* Reflection coefficient R(f) from standing wave decomposition
* Absorption coefficient &alpha;(f) = 1 &minus; |R|&sup2;


'''M&eacute;thode deux charges''' (recommand&eacute;e, ASTM E2611 &sect;8)&nbsp;:
== Step-by-Step Measurement Procedure ==
# Mesure avec la '''charge 1''' (terminaison an&eacute;cho&iuml;que)
# Mesure avec la '''charge 2''' (bouchon rigide ou autre terminaison)
# Le logiciel construit la matrice de transfert compl&egrave;te [T] de l&rsquo;&eacute;chantillon
# La TL est extraite de cette matrice


'''M&eacute;thode charge unique'''&nbsp;:
<div style="counter-reset:step-counter;margin:16px 0;">
# Une seule mesure (terminaison an&eacute;cho&iuml;que suppos&eacute;e)
# Moins pr&eacute;cise &mdash; &agrave; utiliser uniquement si la charge 2 n&rsquo;est pas r&eacute;alisable


=== Mode 2 microphones &mdash; ISO 10534-2 / ASTM E1050 ===
<div style="display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;gap:14px;">
<div style="flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;background:#0055A5;color:white;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.1em;line-height:36px;text-align:center;">1</div>
<div style="flex:1;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#f8fbff;">
<b>Configure Channels</b><br/>
In the <i>Acquisition</i> tab: set coupling (ICP), label and sensitivity for each microphone.<br/>
Click <b>Configure NVGate</b> &rarr; channels are enabled, FRF results are registered.
</div>
</div>


Utilise uniquement CH1 et CH2 (microphones c&ocirc;t&eacute; source). Mesure&nbsp;:
<div style="display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;gap:14px;">
* Coefficient de r&eacute;flexion R(f)
<div style="flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;background:#0055A5;color:white;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.1em;line-height:36px;text-align:center;">2</div>
* Coefficient d&rsquo;absorption &alpha;(f) = 1 &minus; |R|&sup2;
<div style="flex:1;border:1px solid #d4edda;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#f4fff6;">
<b>Phase Calibration</b> <i>(recommended)</i><br/>
Compensates microphone phase mismatch:<br/>
&#9679; Place Mic 1 &amp; Mic 2 at the same port &rarr; <b>Calibrate CH1/CH2</b><br/>
&#9679; Physically swap microphones &rarr; <b>Measure (swapped)</b><br/>
&#9679; Repeat for CH1/CH3 and CH1/CH4<br/>
&#9679; Save calibration &mdash; applied automatically during calculation.
</div>
</div>


=== S&eacute;lection du mode ===
<div style="display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;gap:14px;">
<div style="flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;background:#0055A5;color:white;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.1em;line-height:36px;text-align:center;">3</div>
<div style="flex:1;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#f8fbff;">
<b>Load 1 Measurement</b><br/>
Insert the sample with <b>anechoic termination</b>.<br/>
Click <b>Run Load 1</b> &rarr; NVGate acquires and stops automatically.
</div>
</div>


Dans l&rsquo;onglet '''Mat&eacute;riau'''&nbsp;:
<div style="display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;gap:14px;">
* '''4 mic''' &rarr; TL + absorption (deux charges ou charge unique)
<div style="flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;background:#0055A5;color:white;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.1em;line-height:36px;text-align:center;">4</div>
* '''2 mic''' &rarr; Absorption uniquement (pas de TL)
<div style="flex:1;border:1px solid #cce0ff;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#f8fbff;">
<b>Load 2 Measurement</b> <i>(two-load mode)</i><br/>
Change termination to <b>rigid cap</b>.<br/>
Click <b>Run Load 2</b> &rarr; NVGate acquires and stops automatically.
</div>
</div>


== Protocole de mesure ==
<div style="display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;gap:14px;">
<div style="flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;background:#17a2b8;color:white;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.1em;line-height:36px;text-align:center;">5</div>
<div style="flex:1;border:1px solid #b8e4ec;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#eefafc;">
<b>Calculate</b><br/>
Click <b>Calculate</b>. The software:<br/>
&#9679; Retrieves FRFs and auto-spectrum from NVGate<br/>
&#9679; Applies phase calibration<br/>
&#9679; Computes TL (fine band) and absorption coefficient<br/>
&#9679; Synthesizes octave bands<br/>
&#9679; Displays results and injects them into NVGate
</div>
</div>


=== Pr&eacute;requis ===
</div>


# NVGate ouvert et connect&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;analyseur OROS
== Results ==
# 4 microphones branch&eacute;s sur CH1 &agrave; CH4 (couplage ICP, sensibilit&eacute; ~10 mV/Pa)
# Le haut-parleur aliment&eacute; par la sortie OUT1 de l&rsquo;analyseur (bruit blanc ou rose)


=== &Eacute;tape 1 &mdash; Configuration des canaux ===
=== TL Result Tab ===


Dans l&rsquo;onglet '''Acquisition'''&nbsp;:
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
# V&eacute;rifier le couplage (ICP recommand&eacute;), le label et la sensibilit&eacute; de chaque canal
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;width:30%;" | Panel
# Cliquer '''Configurer NVGate''' &rarr; active les canaux et pr&eacute;pare les r&eacute;sultats
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Content
|-
| Fine band (left) || TL in dB vs. frequency &mdash; valid range highlighted, singularities masked
|-
| Octave bands (right) || TL per 1/N octave band, color-coded
|-
| Status bar || c [m/s], &rho; [kg/m&sup3;], f_min, f_max, calculation time
|}


=== &Eacute;tape 2 &mdash; Calibration de phase (recommand&eacute;e) ===
=== Absorption Tab ===


Compense les &eacute;carts de phase entre microphones&nbsp;:
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
# Placer les micros 1 et 2 au m&ecirc;me emplacement du tube
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;width:30%;" | Panel
# Cliquer '''Calibrer phase CH1/CH2'''
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Content
# &Eacute;changer physiquement les microphones
|-
# Cliquer '''Mesurer (permut&eacute;s)'''
| Fine band (left, optional) || &alpha;(f) from 0 to 1 &mdash; valid range highlighted
# R&eacute;p&eacute;ter pour les paires CH1/CH3 et CH1/CH4
|-
# Sauvegarder la calibration
| Octave bands (right) || &alpha; per 1/3 octave band
 
|-
La correction est appliqu&eacute;e automatiquement lors du calcul.
| ISO 11654 table || &alpha;_w &bull; Class (A&ndash;E) &bull; SAA &bull; NRC &bull; &alpha; at 250/500/1k/2k/4k Hz
 
|}
=== &Eacute;tape 3 &mdash; Mesure charge 1 ===
 
# Ins&eacute;rer l&rsquo;&eacute;chantillon avec la terminaison an&eacute;cho&iuml;que
# Cliquer '''Lancer mesure Charge 1'''
# Attendre la fin de la mesure (NVGate s&rsquo;arr&ecirc;te automatiquement)
 
=== &Eacute;tape 4 &mdash; Mesure charge 2 (mode deux charges) ===
 
# Changer la terminaison du tube (bouchon rigide)
# Cliquer '''Lancer mesure Charge 2'''
# Attendre la fin de la mesure
 
=== &Eacute;tape 5 &mdash; Calcul ===
 
Cliquer '''Calculer'''. Le logiciel&nbsp;:
# R&eacute;cup&egrave;re les fonctions de transfert et le spectre de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence depuis NVGate
# Applique la calibration de phase
# Calcule la TL bande fine et le coefficient d&rsquo;absorption
# Synth&eacute;tise les bandes d&rsquo;octave
# Affiche les r&eacute;sultats dans les onglets TL et Absorption
 
== R&eacute;sultats ==
 
=== Onglet R&eacute;sultat TL ===
 
* '''Courbe bande fine''' (panneau gauche) &mdash; TL en dB en fonction de la fr&eacute;quence, plage valide surlign&eacute;e
* '''Courbe octave''' (panneau droit) &mdash; TL par bande de 1/N d&rsquo;octave
* Titre du mat&eacute;riau affich&eacute; dans le titre des graphes
* Plage valide [f_min, f_max] indiqu&eacute;e dans la barre de statut
 
=== Onglet Absorption ===
 
* '''Courbe bande fine''' (panneau gauche, optionnel) &mdash; &alpha;(f) entre 0 et 1
* '''Courbe octave''' (panneau droit) &mdash; &alpha; par bande de 1/3 d&rsquo;octave
* '''Tableau de classification ISO 11654'''&nbsp;:
** &alpha;_w (coefficient d&rsquo;absorption pond&eacute;r&eacute;)
** Classe d&rsquo;absorption (A &agrave; E)
** SAA (Sound Absorption Average)
** NRC (Noise Reduction Coefficient)
** Valeurs de &alpha; aux fr&eacute;quences normalis&eacute;es&nbsp;: 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz


=== Export CSV ===
=== CSV Export ===


Cliquer '''Exporter CSV''' en bas &agrave; gauche. Le fichier g&eacute;n&eacute;r&eacute; contient&nbsp;:
Click <b>Export CSV</b> (bottom-left). Header includes: material name, date, tube geometry, air properties, valid frequency range.


'''Mode 4 microphones&nbsp;:'''
<div style="display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:10px 0;">
<pre>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;">
Frequency_Hz,TL_dB,Alpha
<div style="background:#2d2d2d;color:#a8ff78;padding:12px;border-radius:6px;font-family:monospace;font-size:0.9em;">
100.0000,18.4230,0.12345
<b style="color:#fff;">4-mic mode:</b><br/>
Frequency_Hz, TL_dB, Alpha<br/>
100.0000, 18.423, 0.123<br/>
125.0000, 20.115, 0.145<br/>
...
...
</pre>
</div>
 
</div>
'''Mode 2 microphones&nbsp;:'''
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;">
<pre>
<div style="background:#2d2d2d;color:#a8ff78;padding:12px;border-radius:6px;font-family:monospace;font-size:0.9em;">
Frequency_Hz,Alpha
<b style="color:#fff;">2-mic mode:</b><br/>
100.0000,0.45230
Frequency_Hz, Alpha<br/>
100.0000, 0.452<br/>
125.0000, 0.481<br/>
...
...
</pre>
</div>
 
</div>
L&rsquo;en-t&ecirc;te inclut&nbsp;: nom du mat&eacute;riau, date, g&eacute;om&eacute;trie du tube, propri&eacute;t&eacute;s de l&rsquo;air, plage de fr&eacute;quences valide.
</div>
 
=== Affichage dans NVGate ===
 
Apr&egrave;s le calcul, les r&eacute;sultats sont inject&eacute;s automatiquement dans NVGate&nbsp;:
* Un graphe en bandes d&rsquo;octave appara&icirc;t dans la fen&ecirc;tre NVGate (1/3, 1/6, 1/12 ou 1/24 selon le r&eacute;glage)
* Un graphe bande fine est &eacute;galement disponible
* Les fen&ecirc;tres sont nomm&eacute;es automatiquement par r&eacute;solution pour &eacute;viter les conflits d&rsquo;affichage
 
== Mod&egrave;le Delany-Bazley-Miki ==


Le logiciel inclut un outil de mod&eacute;lisation pour les mat&eacute;riaux absorbants poreux.
=== NVGate Display ===


&Agrave; partir de la '''r&eacute;sistivit&eacute; au passage de l&rsquo;air''' &sigma; [Pa&middot;s/m&sup2;], il pr&eacute;dit&nbsp;:
After calculation, results are automatically injected into NVGate:
* Le coefficient d&rsquo;absorption th&eacute;orique &alpha;(f)
* Octave bar chart (1/3, 1/6, 1/12 or 1/24 depending on toolbar selection)
* La perte par transmission th&eacute;orique TL(f)
* Fine-band curve (optional)
* Each resolution uses a dedicated NVGate window to avoid conflicts


L&rsquo;outil '''Ajuster DBM''' extrait automatiquement &sigma; en minimisant l&rsquo;&eacute;cart entre la mesure et le mod&egrave;le.
== Delany-Bazley-Miki Model ==


== Analyse hors ligne ==
<div style="background:#f0f7ff;border:1px solid #0055A5;border-radius:8px;padding:16px;margin:10px 0;">
The software includes a <b>DBM fitting tool</b> for porous absorbers.<br/>
From the measured &alpha;(f) or TL(f), it extracts the <b>flow resistivity &sigma;</b> [Pa&middot;s/m&sup2;] by minimizing the RMS error between measurement and model.<br/>
&sigma; can then be used to predict material performance at any frequency or thickness.<br/><br/>
&#8594; See the [[TL_Tool_-_Acoustic_Formulas_Reference|Formulas Reference]] for full DBM equations.
</div>


En plus de l&rsquo;acquisition directe depuis NVGate, le logiciel peut analyser des donn&eacute;es archiv&eacute;es&nbsp;:
== Multi-Tube Merge ==
* Fichiers '''.oros''' &mdash; format d&rsquo;archive OROS
* Chargement via le bouton '''Charger donn&eacute;es''' dans l&rsquo;onglet Acquisition


== Fusion de tubes (grand + petit diam&egrave;tre) ==
For a wide frequency range, measurements from a <b>large-diameter tube</b> (low frequencies) and a <b>small-diameter tube</b> (high frequencies) can be merged into a single spectrum.


Pour couvrir une large plage de fr&eacute;quences, les mesures issues de deux tubes de diam&egrave;tres diff&eacute;rents (grand diam&egrave;tre pour les basses fr&eacute;quences, petit pour les hautes) peuvent &ecirc;tre fusionn&eacute;es en un seul spectre.
The blend zone [f_blend_lo, f_blend_hi] uses a cosine cross-fade, ensuring a smooth transition.
 
La zone de raccord est d&eacute;finie par [f_blend_lo, f_blend_hi] et le logiciel applique un fondu crois&eacute; progressif.


== Configuration ==
== Configuration ==


Les r&eacute;glages sont conserv&eacute;s automatiquement dans le fichier de configuration au m&ecirc;me endroit que le logiciel. Principaux param&egrave;tres&nbsp;:
Settings are saved automatically in <code>config_tl.json</code> next to <code>TL_Tool.exe</code>:


{| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;"
! Param&egrave;tre !! D&eacute;faut !! Description
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Parameter
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Default
! style="background:#003F87;color:white;" | Description
|-
|-
| x1 &agrave; x4 || 50/150/350/450 mm || Positions des microphones depuis la source
| x1 &ndash; x4 || 50/150/350/450 mm || Microphone positions from source
|-
|-
| Diam&egrave;tre || 100 mm || Diam&egrave;tre interne du tube
| Tube diameter || 100 mm || Determines f_max
|-
|-
| Temp&eacute;rature || 20 &deg;C || Temp&eacute;rature de l&rsquo;air
| Temperature || 20 &deg;C || Air temperature
|-
|-
| Pression || 1013,25 hPa || Pression atmosph&eacute;rique
| Pressure || 1013.25 hPa || Atmospheric pressure
|-
|-
| R&eacute;solution octave || 1/12 || R&eacute;solution par d&eacute;faut (1/3, 1/6, 1/12, 1/24)
| Octave resolution || 1/12 || Default resolution (3/6/12/24)
|-
|-
| M&eacute;thode TL || Deux charges || M&eacute;thode de calcul
| TL method || Two-load || Calculation method
|-
|-
| Calibration de phase || (aucune) || Chemin vers le fichier de calibration
| Phase calibration || (none) || Path to .npz calibration file
|}
|}


== D&eacute;pannage ==
== Troubleshooting ==


{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
! Sympt&ocirc;me !! Cause probable !! Solution
! style="background:#6c1a1a;color:white;width:28%;" | Symptom
! style="background:#6c1a1a;color:white;width:36%;" | Likely cause
! style="background:#6c1a1a;color:white;" | Solution
|-
| NVGate not connected || Analyzer off or Ethernet disconnected || Check Ethernet cable and NVGate status
|-
|-
| NVGate non connect&eacute; || Analyseur &eacute;teint ou c&acirc;ble d&eacute;branch&eacute; || V&eacute;rifier la connexion Ethernet entre le PC et l&rsquo;analyseur
| Missing FRF data || Channels not configured || Click <b>Configure NVGate</b>, then re-run
|-
|-
| Donn&eacute;es FRF manquantes || Canaux non configur&eacute;s || Cliquer '''Configurer NVGate''' avant de lancer la mesure
| TL values all zero or NaN || Incorrect tube geometry || Check x1&ndash;x4 positions and tube diameter
|-
|-
| Valeurs TL nulles ou incoh&eacute;rentes || G&eacute;om&eacute;trie du tube incorrecte || V&eacute;rifier les positions x1 &agrave; x4 et le diam&egrave;tre
| Negative TL values || No phase calibration || Run phase calibration in Acquisition tab
|-
|-
| TL n&eacute;gatif || Calibration de phase absente || Recalibrer la phase dans l&rsquo;onglet Acquisition
| Frequency range too narrow || Microphone spacing too small || Increase x2&minus;x1 or x4&minus;x3 spacing
|-
|-
| Plage de fr&eacute;quences trop &eacute;troite || Espacement insuffisant entre microphones || Augmenter l&rsquo;&eacute;cartement x2&minus;x1 ou x4&minus;x3
| NVGate wrong octave resolution || Previous window reused || Fixed: each resolution uses a dedicated window
|}
|}


== Voir aussi ==
== See Also ==


* [[NVGate]] &mdash; Logiciel d&rsquo;analyse OROS
* [[TL_Tool_-_Acoustic_Formulas_Reference|&#x1F4D0; Acoustic Formulas Reference]] &mdash; all equations used in the software
* [[NVGate_FFT|Analyse FFT dans NVGate]]
* [[NVGate]] &mdash; OROS analysis software
* [[NVGate_Octave_Analyzer|Analyse en octave]]
* [[NVGate_FFT|FFT Analysis in NVGate]]
* [[FFT_Spectrum_Analyzer_Multipurpose|Analyseur FFT OROS]]
* [[NVGate_Octave_Analyzer|Octave Analysis]]
* [[FFT_Spectrum_Analyzer_Multipurpose|OROS FFT Analyzer Hardware]]


== R&eacute;f&eacute;rences ==
== References ==


* ASTM E2611 &mdash; ''Standard Test Method for Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method''
* ASTM E2611 &mdash; ''Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method''
* ISO 10534-2 &mdash; ''Acoustics &mdash; Determination of sound absorption coefficient and impedance in impedance tubes''
* ISO 10534-2 &mdash; ''Determination of sound absorption coefficient and impedance in impedance tubes''
* ISO 9613-1 &mdash; ''Acoustics &mdash; Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors''
* ISO 9613-1 &mdash; ''Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors &mdash; Calculation of the absorption of sound by the atmosphere''
* ISO 11654 &mdash; ''Acoustics &mdash; Sound absorbers for use in buildings &mdash; Rating of sound absorption''
* ISO 11654 &mdash; ''Sound absorbers for use in buildings &mdash; Rating of sound absorption''
* [https://www.bksv.com/media/doc/bv0059.pdf Br&uuml;el &amp; Kj&aelig;r BV0059 &mdash; Measuring Sound Absorption Coefficient]
* Miki Y. (1990) &mdash; ''Acoustical properties of porous materials &mdash; modifications of Delany-Bazley models''
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